Sharing frequencies in an OFDM-based wireless communication system

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for sharing frequencies in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing OFDM-based wireless communication system, wherein the OFDM-based wireless communication system comprises a base station and a mobile device that work within a radio frequency band, the method comprising: detecting an interference signal in the radio frequency band; setting by the base station, based upon the interference signal, interference indication information in a control header of a downlink frame to be sent to the mobile device, the interference indication information indicating a frequency range that is occupied by the interference signal in the radio frequency band; and sending by the base station the downlink frame to the mobile device, such that the mobile device may, based upon the interference indication information, avoid the frequency range where the interference signal is located.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is based upon and claims priority from prior U.S.patent application Ser. No. 14/800,154, filed on Jul. 15, 2015, which isbased upon and claims priority from prior U.S. patent application Ser.No. 13/758,134, filed on Feb. 4, 2013, which in turn is based upon andclaims priority from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/537,600, filedon Jun. 29, 2012, which in turn is based upon and claims priority fromprior Chinese Patent Application No. 201110189849.4, filed on Jun. 30,2011, the entire disclosure of each are hereby incorporated by referencein their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to wireless communication, andin particular, to utilization of shared radio spectrum resources.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Radio spectrum is an important resource for wireless communicationservices. With the development of wireless communication widebandorientation, new technologies and new services such as WiMAX (WorldwideInteroperability for Microwave Access), LTE (Long Term Evolution), andUWB (Ultra-Wide Band) constantly emerge, and the demand on spectrumincreases exponentially.

In reality, utilization of spectrum resources is imbalanced. On onehand, some unlicensed frequency bands have busy traffic and congestedoccupations; on the other hand, some licensed frequency bands,particularly low frequency bands that have better signal propagationfeatures, have rather low spectrum utilization rate, and the spectrumresources are even wasted. Thus, it is quite significant to sufficientlyutilize the spectrum resources and improve the spectrum resourceutilization rate so as to relieve the supply-demand contradictions ofspectrum resources and satisfy sustainable development of everincreasing wireless communication service applications.

One of the technologies for improving the spectrum resource utilizationrate is a cognitive radio technology. The cognitive radio technologyutilizes spectrum resources in a manner of opportunistic access.According to the cognitive radio technology, no spectrum resource isalways occupied, while when a certain spectrum resource is not occupied,a radio communication device may take the “opportunity” to utilize thisspectrum resource. In an Internet of Things (IOT) application, prioritylevels between mobile devices do not distinguish from one another; theopportunity for each mobile device in using a shared spectrum resourceis equal; thus, adoption of the opportunistic access technology isparticularly suitable for effectively utilizing the spectrum resources.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An important element for adopting opportunistic access is that themobile device may obtain the interference indication information in thecurrently working radio frequency band, so as to dynamically avoidin-band interference. Thus, it may be envisaged to broadcast the in-bandinterference indication information to the mobile device via a basestation; what is associated is that the base station broadcasts anadditional data frame, which means occupying additional communicationbandwidth and consuming extra energy, and also means significantmodification to the existing wireless communication standard.

One of the objectives of the present invention is to broadcast thein-band interference indication information in the case of compatibilitywith the existing wireless communication standard, such that the mobiledevice may avoid in-band interference.

Therefore, according to one aspect of the present invention, there isprovided a method of sharing frequencies in an orthogonalfrequency-division multiplexing OFDM-based wireless communicationsystem, wherein the OFDM-based wireless communication system comprises abase station and a mobile device that work in a radio frequency band,the method comprising; detecting an interference signal in the radiofrequency band; setting by the base station, based upon the interferencesignal, interference indication information in a control header of adownlink frame to be sent to the mobile device, the interferenceindication information indicating a frequency range that is occupied bythe interference signal in the radio frequency band; sending by the basestation the downlink frame to the mobile device, such that the mobiledevice may, based upon the interference indication information, avoidthe frequency range where the interference signal is located.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is providedan apparatus for sharing frequencies in an orthogonal frequency-divisionmultiplexing OFDM-based wireless communication system, wherein theOFDM-based wireless communication system comprises a base station and amobile device that work in a radio frequency band, the apparatuscomprising: detecting means configured to detect an interference signalin the radio frequency band; setting mans configured to set, based uponthe interference signal, interference indication information in acontrol header of a downlink frame to be sent to the mobile device, theinterference indication information indicating a frequency range that isoccupied by the interference signal in the radio frequency band; andsending means, for sending the downlink frame to the mobile device, suchthat the mobile device may, based upon the interference indicationinformation, avoid the frequency range where the interference signal islocated.

By applying various embodiments of the present invention, the OFDM-basedwireless communication system may transmit or broadcast the interferenceindication information through an availability bit in the control headerof the downlink frame, without the necessity of generating an additionalframe therefor; thus, compatibility with the existing standard may bemaintained to a great extent, and meanwhile, interference from a knownor unknown system in the same radio frequency band may be avoided whenusing the shared frequency resources, so as to guarantee communicationquality and security, thereby better utilizing the spectrum resourcessufficiently.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Features, advantages, and other aspects of various embodiments of thepresent invention will become more apparent through the followingdetailed description with reference to the following drawings, in which,

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an environment in which thepresent invention may be practiced;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of another environment in whichthe present invention may be practiced;

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a result of detecting awireless signal intensity distribution within a radio frequency band;

FIG. 4 illustrates a flowchart of one embodiment according to a methodof the present invention;

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the data structure of FCH in a downlinkframe;

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a modified FCH according to oneembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates a manner of implementing mapping between the logicchannel and physical channel according to one embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of an apparatus according to oneembodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

It should be understood that these embodiments are only examples of themany advantageous uses of the innovative teachings herein. In general,statements made in the specification of the present application do notnecessarily limit any of the various claimed inventions. Moreover, somestatements may apply to some inventive features but not to others. Ingeneral, unless otherwise indicated, singular elements may be in theplural and vice versa with no loss of generality.

The flowcharts and block in the figures illustrate the system, methods,as well as architecture, functions and operations executable by acomputer program product according to the embodiments of the presentinvention. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or block mayrepresent a module, a program segment, or a part of code, which containsone or more executable instructions for performing specified logicfunctions. It should be noted that, in some alternative implementations,the functions noted in the blocks may also occur in a sequence differentfrom what is noted in the drawings. For example, two blocks shownconsecutively may be performed in parallel substantially or in aninverse order. This depends on relevant functions. It should also benoted that each block in the block diagrams and/or flowcharts and acombination of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowcharts may beimplemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performingspecified functions or operations or by a combination of dedicatedhardware and computer instructions.

Hereinafter, the principle and spirit of the present invention will bedescribed with reference to various exemplary embodiments. It should beunderstood that provision of these embodiments is only to enable thoseskilled in the art to better understand and further implement thepresent invention, not intended for limiting the scope of the presentinvention in any manner.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will bedescribed in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an environment in whichvarious embodiments of the present invention may be practiced. Thisfigure illustrates three radio frequency bands FB1, FB2, and FB3,wherein frequency band FB1 represents an open radio frequency band, forexample, a 2.4 GHz central frequency point.

As illustrated by the dotted lines that connect the frequency band Fb1and various wireless devices, the radio frequency band FB1 is open to aplurality of wireless devices in different standards; in other words,the wireless devices in different standards may use an open radiofrequency band FB1. For example, a mobile phone 101 in a WiMAX standardmay use the radio frequency band FB1 to share frequencies on the samebandwidth resource with other wireless devices.

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of another environment in whichvarious embodiments of the present invention may be practiced. In thetwo-dimension coordinate system as illustrated in FIG. 2, the horizontalaxis f represents frequency scope, and the longitudinal axis P indicatesthe energy level of the communication signal or the intensity ofwireless signal.

The dotted-line block in the two-dimension coordinate system indicates aworking frequency zone. The working frequency zone indicates the radiofrequency band or frequency scope where the wireless communicationsystem is located when performing communication and may be pre-assigned.For example, a licensed frequency band is just a pre-assigned workingfrequency zone. FIG. 3 exemplarily illustrates three working frequencyzones WFZ1, WFZ2, and WFZ3.

Vertical bars in the dotted-line blocks represent the wireless signalsgenerated by a wireless communication system that works in the workingfrequency zone. The width and height of vertical bars represent thefrequency scope occupied by the wireless signals and the intensity ofthe wireless signals, respectively. As illustrated in the figure, forexample, in the working frequency zone WFZ1, there are wireless signalsS0, S1, S2, . . . , Sn, which occupy different frequency scopes,respectively, for example, f0, f1, . . . , fn.

The graph indicated by the reference sign 220 in FIG. 2 represents thatthe working frequency zone WFZ1 or radio frequency band may be dividedinto 21 frequency subbands (subband 0 to subband 20). Regarding dividingthe radio frequency band, it will be detailed hereinafter.

FIG. 2 illustrates 4 wireless devices 211 a, 211 b, 201 a, and 201 b.The arrow starting from the wireless device 211 a points towards signalS0, which indicates that the signal S0 is a signal that is generated bythe wireless device 211 a within the frequency scope f0; similarly, thesignal S1 is a signal that is generated by the wireless device 211 bwithin the frequency scope f1. In other words, frequency ranges f0 andf1 are occupied by the wireless devices 211 a and 211 b, respectively.Similarly, WFZ1 has other frequency ranges f2, . . . , fn that areoccupied by other known or unknown wireless systems.

The wireless devices 201 a and 201 b in FIG. 2, which are orthogonalfrequency-division multiplexing OFDM-based wireless devices, are alsoassigned with the working frequency zone WFZ1. OFDM is a widely appliedtechnology for a wireless communication system, the main thought ofwhich is: dividing a channel into a plurality of orthogonal subbands,converting the high-speed data signals into parallel low-speed sub-datastreams to be modulated on each subband for transmission. In otherwords, with the OFDM-based system, a frequency range may be divided intoa plurality of sub-frequency ranges or subbands, such that the basestation and the wireless device to which the system belongs may transmitdata over the subbands.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the arrow starting from the OFDM-basedwireless device 201 a points to the gap between the frequency ranges f1and f2, which indicates that when the f0, f1, . . . , fn of WFZ1 areoccupied, the wireless device 201 a may be accessed via an opportunisticspectrum, may use an idle frequency range between frequency ranges f1and f2, namely, unoccupied frequency range; similarly, the arrowstarting from the OFDM-based wireless device 201 b indicates that thewireless device 201 b may use the idle frequency range between f2 andfn.

The wireless devices 201 a and 201 b are allowed to use the idlefrequency range in the working frequency zone WFZ1, such that theutilization rate of the radio spectrum resources may be improved.

In the scenario as illustrated in FIG. 2, the wireless signals S0, S1and other signals S2, . . . , Sn as generated by the wireless devices211 a and 211 b are signals generated by other systems from theperspective of the OFDM-based wireless device such as wireless device201 a, which belong to interference signals. In order to effectivelyperform the opportunistic access, the wireless device 201 a needsinformation about distribution of interference signals in the radiofrequency band WFZ1, so as to avoid the interference signals or inhibitthe in-band interference.

Therefore, the present invention provides a method of sharingfrequencies for the OFDM-based wireless communication system.Hereinafter, various embodiments according to the method of the presentinvention will be described.

Referring to FIG. 4, it illustrates a flowchart of one embodimentaccording to the method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 exemplarily illustrates a wireless device or mobile device 401, abase station 402, and a management server 403 that may communicate withthe base station 402.

The base station 402 and corresponding mobile device 401 are componentsof the OFDM-based wireless communication system. The base station 402and the mobile device 401 communicate via a wireless network 404 andwork in a radio frequency band.

The radio frequency band where the base station 402 and the mobiledevice 401 work is assigned by the management server 403 uponinitialization of the wireless communication system. The managementserver 403 may manage a plurality of base stations (not shown in thefigure), comprising assigning different radio frequency bands fordifferent base stations, for example, the radio frequency band FB1 asillustrated in FIG. 1, or working frequency zones WFZ1, WFZ2, or WFZ3 asillustrated in FIG. 2.

For ease of depiction, hereinafter, suppose the radio frequency bandwhere the base station 402 and the mobile device 401 work is the workingfrequency zone WFZ1 as illustrated in FIG. 2.

The communication between the mobile device 401 and base station 402 isconducted in accordance with the manner as prescribed in correspondingstandards. FIG. 4 illustrates that the mobile device 401 sends an uplinkframe (UL-Frame) to the base station over the uplink UL (Up-Link), andthe base station 402 sends a downlink frame (DL-Frame) to the mobiledevice 401 over the downlink (Down-Link). The details on encoding,sending, receiving, and decoding the uplink and downlink frames and soon belong to the scope of prior art, which are not to be improved by thepresent invention and are thus omitted here.

It should be noted that one base station 402 in the wirelesscommunication system may manage a plurality of mobile devices. Thus,although FIG. 4 only illustrates one mobile device 401, it should beunderstood that the mobile device 401 represents at least one of theplurality of mobile devices that may be managed by the base station 402.

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to the operation ofthe mobile device 401, the operation of the base station 402, and theoperation of the management server 403, which are represented bydifferent arrows in FIG. 4. For example, the dotted-line arrow S411represents the operation of the mobile device 401; solid-line arrowsS421, S422, S423, S424, S425, and S426 represent the operation of thebase station 402; and the dotted-line arrow S431 indicates the operationof the management server 403.

As illustrated above, suppose, after initialization, the radio frequencyband where the base station 402 and the mobile device 401 work is theworking frequency zone WFZ1 as illustrated in FIG. 2.

A method of sharing frequencies in an orthogonal frequency-divisionmultiplexing OFDM-based wireless communication system according to thepresent invention, comprising steps of:

At step S421, the interference signal in the radio frequency band isdetected.

Detecting the interference signal in the radio frequency band may beperformed upon initialization of the system, and may be periodically orregularly performed after the initialization. The radio spectrumdetection technology that is widely adopted in the prior art may be usedto detect the spectrum usage in the radio frequency band or workingfrequency zone WFZ1 where the base station 402 works, thereby detectingthe interference signal.

It should be noted that the specific technical content of detecting theinterference signal has no direct relationship with the presentinvention and thus will not be detailed here. One important aspect ofthe present invention is how to represent the detection result.

Hereinafter, how to utilize the result of detecting an interferencesignal is illustrated with reference to FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 illustrates the results of detecting a wireless signal intensitydistribution in a radio frequency band. The upper portion of FIG. 3shows a snap shot of wireless signals detected in a radio frequencyband. As illustrated in the figure, the central frequency point of theradio frequency band is 224.1 MHz with a width of 1 MHz. The 6 wirelesssignals S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6 as shown in the snap shot indicate 6interference signals that are located in different frequency ranges. Thewireless signals S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6 are generated by othersystems, for example known or unknown systems such as the wirelessdevices 211 a and 211 b as illustrated in FIG. 2.

Detection of interference signals may be performed by an individualdetection means, for example, a radio spectrum detector, or performed bya base station 402 integrated with radio spectrum detection techniques.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the base station402 may be used to detect the interference signal in the radio frequencyband.

The base station 402 may, based upon the interference signal, avoids thefrequency range where the interference signal is located.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the base station402 may periodically detect the interference signal within the radiofrequency band in a certain time interval.

Returning to FIG. 4, at step S422, the base station 402 sets theinterference indication information in a control header of a downlinkframe to be sent to the mobile device 401.

The interference indication information indicates the frequency rangethat is occupied by the interference signal in the radio frequency band.

To those skilled in the art, for the detection result as given in thesnap shot in FIG. 3, the interference indication information may berepresented in various manners, i.e., which frequency ranges in theradio frequency band have interference signals.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the base station402 may divide the radio frequency band into a plurality of subbands andidentify, among the plurality of subbands, one or more subbands at whichthe interference signal is detected, thereby generating the interferenceindication information. This process may be illustrated in FIG. 3.

With reference to FIG. 3, as illustrated, the entire radio frequencyband in the upper snap shot in FIG. 3 is divided into a plurality ofsubbands 320.

The number of subbands may be determined as appropriate whenimplementing the present invention. In the embodiment as illustrated inFIG. 3, a plurality of subbands 320 include 21 subbands, namely, subband0, subband 1, . . . , subband 20. However, the present invention is notso limited. For example, the radio frequency band may also be dividedinto 42 subbands. Those skilled in the art should understand that themore the number of subbands is, the more accurate the indicatedinterference indication information is.

The dotted lines in FIG. 3 further show that the interference signal S1falls into the subband 5, the interference signal S2 falls into thesubbands 6 and 7, the interference signal S3 falls into the subbands 8and 9, the interference signal S4 falls into the subbands 10 and 11, theinterference signal S4 falls into the subbands 12 and 13, and theinterference signal S6 falls into the subbands 16 and 17.

Various kinds of encoding manners may be used to indicate the aboveinformation. A simple encoding manner is using bitmap. For example, thefollowing bitmap 1 may be employed to indicate the interference signalas illustrated in FIG. 3.

Bitmap 1 bit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 value0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0

The 21 bits 0, 1, . . . , 20 in the bitmap 1 represent the 21 subbands0, 1, . . . , 20, respectively; and the value for each bit representswhether the subband represented by the bit has the interference signals.For example, the values “1” for bits 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16,17 represent that the subbands 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, and 17have the interference signals, the values “0” for bits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,14, 15, 18, 19, and 20 represent that the subbands 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 14,15, 18, 19, and 20 have no interference signal. Such a bitmap may act asinterference indication information for indicating which frequencyranges in the radio frequency band are occupied by other systems.

The above bitmap is merely a simple encoding manner for representing theinterference indication information. Apparently, the present inventionis not limited thereto. As illustrated above, those skilled in the artmay use any other encoding manners to represent which subbands areoccupied, i.e., the interference indication information.

According to the method of the present invention, the base station 402sets the interference indication information in the control header of adownlink frame to be sent to the mobile device.

These inventors find that in a wireless communication system under manystandards, for example, a WiMAX system and an LTE system, there arealways reserved bits in the control header of a downlink frame; thus,the reserved bits in the control header may be advantageously utilizedto set the interference indication information.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the wirelesscommunication system to which the base station 402 belongs is a systemthat complies with the WiMAX standard. In this case, the control headerof the downlink frame at step S422 is a forward control header FCH ofthe downlink frame that complies with WiMAX standard.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of setting the interference indicationinformation in the control header of a downlink frame that complies withthe WiMAX standard will be illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6.

FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the composition of the forward controlheader FCH of the downlink frame that complies with the WiMAX standard.

As illustrated in the figures, the downlink frame prefix(DL_Frame_Prefix) 510 in the WiMAX standard is the data structure thatis sent at the start of each frame. A downlink frame prefix 510 has 24bits, wherein bits 0-5, bits 7-8, bits 9-11, and bits 12-19 comprisecontrol data C1, C2, C3, and C4, respectively, and bit 6 and bits 20-23are reserved bits R.

Here, it should be noted that the specific contents of the control dataC1, C2, C3, and C4 have no direct relationship with the presentinvention, which are thus not detailed here so as to prevent unnecessaryinterference with reading and understanding of relevant content.

Two DL_Frame_Prefixes formulate a forward control header FCH515 in thedownlink frame. Thus, FCH is a field comprising 48 bits, where the first20 bits have comprised control data C1, C2, C3, and C4 of theDL_Frame_Prefix. It is to guarantee the correctness and reliability oftransmitting DL_Frame_Prefix that the FCH comprises repetitiveDL_Frame_Prefix.

According to the WiMAX standard, one FCH will be repetitivelytransmitted for four times so as to guarantee a successful transmission.

FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a modified FCH according to oneembodiment of the present invention.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, according to one embodiment of the presentinvention, the FCH may be modified such that the modified FCH 615 alsocomprise 48 bits, wherein the first 20 bits also comprise control dataC1, C2, C3, and C4 that are completely identical to the DL_Frame_Prefix510 as illustrated in FIG. 5.

Compared with the standard FCH 515 as illustrated in FIG. 5, the 21-bitfield IDI formed by bits 20-40 in the modified FCH 615 is for indicatingthe interference indication information; bit 6 and bits 41-47 are forparity check CRC so as to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of themodified FCH 615, thereby further guaranteeing the accuracy andreliability of the control data C1, C2, C3, and C4 comprised in themodified FCH 615. The modified FCH 615 is still repetitively transmittedfor four times.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a simple andconcise manner may be employed to set the interference indicationinformation in the 21-bit field IDI of the modified FCH 615, namelyplacing the content of bitmap 1 as illustrated above into the field IDI,as indicated by the reference sign 620.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the radiofrequency band is divided into a plurality of subbands (FIG. 3, 320) atthe base station 402, the number of the subbands may be determined basedupon the number of available bits in the control header. If the modifiedFCH 615 has 21 available bits, the embodiments of FIG. 3 correspondinglydivide the radio frequency band into 21 subbands so as to match with the21 available bits; the radio frequency band may also be divided into 42subbands; correspondingly, each bit in the bitmap as illustrated aboverepresents two neighboring subbands. Of course, the radio frequencybands may also be divided into more subbands. It should be known andselectable to those skilled in the art, which will not be detailed here.

Except for the WiMAX system, the present invention may also beimplemented on other OFDM-based wireless communication system. Forexample, the LTE system is also an OFDM-based wireless communicationsystem. Similar to the WiMAX system, the downlink frame of the LTEsystem also comprises a control header like FCH, for example, PDCCH(Physical Downlink Control Channel) and PBCH (Physical BroadcastChannel), which also comprises available bits such as reserved bits.Apparently, those skilled in the art would easily set the interferenceindication information in the available bits of PDCCH and/or PBCH basedupon the above depiction on the method of setting the interferenceindication information in the FCH.

Thus, according to another embodiment of the present invention, if thebase station 402 is a base station in a wireless communication systemthat complies with an LTE standard, the control header of the downlinkframe at step S422 is a PDCCH of the downlink frame in compliance withthe LTE standard.

Returning to FIG. 4, after setting the interference indicationinformation, at step S423, the base station 402 sends a downlink frameto the mobile device 401, such that the mobile device 401 may, basedupon the interference indication information, avoid the frequency rangewhere the interference signal is located.

Hereinafter, with a WiMAX advanced modulation and coding (AMC) patternas an example in connection with FIG. 7, it is depicted that the mobiledevice 401 may perform mapping between logic channels and physicalchannels so as to avoid the frequency range where the interferencesignal is located from the physical space.

With reference to FIG. 7, FIG. 7 exemplarily illustrates a manner ofimplementing mapping between the logic channel and physical channelaccording to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 illustrates three tables (a), (b), and (c). Table (a) indicatesan active forbidden channel index, which table divides the 42subchannels into 6 groups G0, G1, G2, G3, G4, and G5. The values “1” and“0” as illustrated at the left side of table (a) indicate the “FCH groupindication” values for the first 6 bits of the FCH, wherein “0” indicatethat the corresponding subchannel groups are actively forbidden. Asillustrated in the figure, the “FCH group indication” values for groupG0, G1, G2, and G4 are 1, while the “FCH group indication” values ofgroups G3 and G5 are 0, which indicate that the subchannel groups G3 andG5 are actively forbidden. The actively forbidden subchannels arealready fixed upon system configuration or initialization and thus willnot be automatically adjusted or changed.

Table 7 (b) indicates interference subchannel indexes, which tabledescribes the mapping relationship between the interference subchannelsand the physical subchannels in physical space. According to oneembodiment of the present invention, for the WiMAX system, a 21-bitfield (for example, the 21-bit field 620 in FIG. 6) is used to indicatethe interference indication information, for indicating the interferencesignals or interference subchannels. With the WiMAX advanced modulationand coding (AMC) pattern as an example, the number of subchannels is 42.In this case, each interference indication bit in the 21-bit fieldrepresents two AMC subchannels. Values “1” and “0” as illustrated in theleft side of table 7 (b) are values of interference indication bits,wherein “1” indicates that the corresponding subchannel is theinterference subchannel, i.e., subchannels that have interferencesignals. As illustrated in the figure, table 7 (b) maps the interferencesubchannels in the 42 subchhanels to physical subchannels 0, 1, 10, 11,28, 29, 32, 33, 40, and 41.

Table 7 (c) describes the mapping relationship between physicalsubchannels and logic subchannels. Digits 0 to 41 in the left side ofTable 7 (c) indicate physical subchannels, and the digits 0 to 29 in theright side indicate 30 consecutive logical subchannels. The initiallocation of a logic subchannel may be determined based upon base stationconfiguration parameters (for example Preamble). As illustrated in thefigure, the initial logic subchannel 0 corresponds to the physicalsubchannel 22. Based upon the active forbidden subchannel index in Table7(a) and interference subchannel index in Table 7 (b), unavailablesubchannel index may be generated. Apparently, the unavailablesubchannels comprise the active forbidden subchannels 26, 27, 40, and 41in Table (a) and the interference occupation subchannels 0, 1, 10, 11,28, 29, 32, 33, 40, and 41 as illustrated in Table (b). When performingmapping between logic subchannels and physical subchannels, the logicsubchannels actively avoid the unavailable physical subchannels, so asto form a consecutive logic subchannel space (the logic subchannels 0 to29) and generate a corresponding correspondence relationship, such thatthe system may actually avoid the interference channels in the physicalspace.

Further returning to FIG. 4, the reference sign S411 in the figureindicates that the mobile device 401, after receiving the downlink framefrom the base station 420, decodes the downlink frame according to theexisting standard. If the control header of the decoded downlink framecontains the interference indication information, then the mobile device401 avoids the interference signal based on the interference indicationinformation. For example, the interference indication informationindicates that the subbands 5-13, 16, and 17 as illustrated in FIG. 3have been occupied by other wireless system, and then the frequencyranges where the subbands 5-13 and 16-17 are located are avoided.

As indicated by the reference sign S424, according to one embodiment ofthe present invention, after the base station 402 detects theinterference signal in the radio frequency band (S421), it reports theinterference signal to the management server 403.

The management server 403 may perform corresponding statistical analysisbased upon the information such as interference information, spectrumutilization, and interference condition as sent from the base station402, thereby forming historical information. Further, the managementserver 403 may determine the spectrum utilization pattern andinterference pattern based upon the historical information, so as toadjust the working frequency and detection cycle of the base station andmore accurately reflect the spectrum utilization.

As indicated by reference sign S431, the interference signal is used bythe management server 403 for identifying the spectrum utilizationpattern and interference pattern in the radio frequency band. Forexample, the management server 403 may store the interference signalreceived from the base station 402 and the time stamp associated withthe interference signal together in a database (not shown), ashistorical data. The management server 403 may further analyze thespectrum utilization pattern and frequency interference pattern existingin the radio frequency band based upon the historical data. For example,during a certain period of time in one day, the frequency interferenceis always present in a certain frequency range within the radiofrequency band; within a certain period of time in one day, no frequencyinterference is present in the radio frequency band.

As described above, the management server 403 may manage a plurality ofbase stations, thus the interference information as reported by otherwireless systems may be received in a similar manner, and the spectrumutilization pattern and interference pattern within the radio frequencyband where the other wireless systems are located may be identified in asimilar manner. Therefore, the management server 403 identifies for aplurality of wireless systems the spectrum utilization patterns andinterference patterns within the radio frequency band, respectively.

As indicated above, the management server 403 may assign different radiofrequency bands for different base stations. This assignment may beperformed upon initialization of the base station. For example, at thestart of network access of the base station 402, the working frequencyzone WFZ1 is assigned for the base station 402; or, after the basestation works for a period of time, the base station is indicated toswitch the radio frequency band. For example, after the base station 402works for a period of time at the working frequency zone WFZ1, themanagement server 403 instructs the base station 402 to switch theworking frequency zone from WFZ1 to WFZ2. The report about theinterference signal received by the management server 403 from the basestation and the spectrum utilization pattern and the interferencepattern as identified in respective radio frequency bands may act as abasis for the management server 403 to assign radio frequency bands tothe base station 402.

As indicated by the reference sign S425, according to one embodiment ofthe present invention, the base station 402 may receive frequencyparameters and/or periodic parameters from the management server.

As indicated by the reference sign S426, the base station 402 may switchthe working frequency zone from the radio frequency band to anotherradio frequency band based upon the frequency parameters; in addition oralternatively, the base station 401 may detect the channels that arecurrently occupied by other systems in the radio frequency bandsaccording to a time interval indicated by a periodic parameter.

As described above, the frequency and periodical parameters aredetermined by the management server based upon the identified spectrumutilization pattern and interference pattern.

What are described above are various embodiments of a method of sharingfrequencies in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing OFDM-basedwireless communication system according to the present invention.According to the same inventive concept, the present invention furtherprovides an apparatus for sharing frequencies in an orthogonalfrequency-division multiplexing OFDM-based wireless communicationsystem.

FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the apparatus 100 comprises detecting means810, setting means 820, and sending means 830.

Detecting means 810 is configured to detect an interference signal inthe radio frequency band. Setting means 820 is configured to set, basedupon the interference signal, interference indication information in acontrol header of a downlink frame to be sent to the mobile device, theinterference indication information indicating a frequency range that isoccupied by the interference signal in the radio frequency band. Thesending means 830 is for sending the downlink frame to the mobiledevice, such that the mobile device may, based upon the interferenceindication information, avoid the frequency range where the interferencesignal is located.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 800further comprises a frequency dividing means (not shown) that isconfigured to divide the radio frequency band into a plurality ofsubbands and to identify, among the plurality of subbands, one or moresubbands at which the interference signal is detected, therebygenerating the interference indication information.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the frequencydividing means determines a number of the subbands in the controlheader.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 800further comprises an avoiding means (not shown), for avoiding thefrequency range where the interference signal is located based on theinterference signal.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 800further comprises a reporting means (not shown) for reporting theinterference signal to a management server, the interference signalbeing used by the management server for identifying the spectrumutilization pattern and interference pattern of the radio frequencyband.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 800further comprises a switching means (not shown), for switching, basedupon a frequency parameter received from the management server, aworking frequency zone from the radio frequency band to another radiofrequency band, wherein the frequency parameter is determined by themanagement server based upon the identified spectrum utilization patternand interference pattern.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 800further comprises a timing means (not shown), for setting, based upon atime interval indicated by a periodic parameter that is received fromthe management server, a time for detecting a channel that is currentlyoccupied by other systems in the radio frequency band, wherein theperiodic parameter is determined by the management server based upon theidentified spectrum utilization pattern and interference pattern.

What is described above is an apparatus for sharing frequencies in anorthogonal frequency-division multiplexing OFDM-based wirelesscommunication system according to the embodiments of the presentinvention. Because the method of sharing frequencies in an OFDM-basedwireless communication system according to various embodiments of thepresent invention has been described above, in the depiction on theapparatus, the content that is apparently repetitive with the depictionon the method or easily derived from the depiction on the method isomitted.

It should be noted that the above depiction is only exemplary, notintended for limiting the present invention. In other embodiments of thepresent invention, this method may have more, or less, or differentsteps, and numbering the steps is only for making the depiction moreconcise and much clearer, but not for stringently limiting the sequencebetween each steps, while the sequence of steps may be different fromthe depiction.

Thus, in some embodiments, the above one or more optional steps may beomitted. Specific implementation of each step may be different from thedepiction. All these variations fall within the spirit and scope of thepresent invention.

The present invention may adopt a form of hardware embodiment, softwareembodiment or an embodiment comprising hardware components and softwarecomponents. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention isimplemented as software, including, without limitation to, firmware,resident software, micro-code, etc.

Moreover, the present invention may be implemented as a computer programproduct usable from computers or accessible by computer-readable mediathat provide program code for use by or in connection with a computer orany instruction executing system. For the purpose of description, acomputer-usable or computer-readable medium may be any tangible meansthat can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport theprogram for use by or in connection with an instruction executionsystem, apparatus, or device.

The medium may be an electric, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic,infrared, or semiconductor system (apparatus or device), or propagationmedium. Examples of the computer-readable medium would include thefollowing: a semiconductor or solid storage device, a magnetic tape, aportable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM), a read-onlymemory (ROM), a hard disk, and an optical disk. Examples of the currentoptical disk include a compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), compactdisk-read/write (CR-ROM), and DVD.

A data processing system adapted for storing or executing program codewould include at least one processor that is coupled to a memory elementdirectly or via a system bus. The memory element may include a localmemory usable during actually executing the program code, a mass memory,and a cache that provides temporary storage for at least one portion ofprogram code so as to decrease the number of times for retrieving codefrom the mass memory during execution.

An Input/Output or I/O device (including, without limitation to, akeyboard, a display, a pointing device, etc.) may be coupled to thesystem directly or via an intermediate I/O controller.

A network adapter may also be coupled to the system such that the dataprocessing system can be coupled to other data processing systems,remote printers, or storage devices via an intermediate private orpublic network. A modem, a cable modem, and an Ethernet card are merelyexamples of a currently usable network adapter.

It is to be understood from the foregoing description that modificationsand alterations may be made to the respective embodiments of the presentinvention without departing from the true spirit of the presentinvention. The description in the present specification is intended tobe illustrative and not limiting. The scope of the present invention islimited by the appended claims only.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for sharing frequencies in a long termevolution (LTE) wireless communication system, wherein the methodcomprises: detecting an interference signal in a radio frequency band;generating a bitmap comprising a set of interference indicationinformation, the set of interference indication information indicating afrequency range that is occupied by the interference signal in the radiofrequency band, and the bitmap being generated separate from downlinkframes sent to a mobile device, wherein the bitmap comprises a mappingbetween a plurality of sub-bands in the radio frequency band and aplurality of bits, wherein each bit in the plurality of bits representsa sub-band in the plurality of sub-bands, and wherein each bit isassociated with a value indicating one of a presence of an interferenceon the sub-band and an absence of an interference signal on thesub-band; identifying a corresponding bit in a physical broadcastchannel header (PBCH) header of a downlink frame to be sent to themobile device for each of the plurality of bits in the bitmap, whereeach of the corresponding bits in the PBCH header is an unassignedreserved bit; adding the value associated with each of the plurality ofbits to the corresponding bit in the PBCH that has been identified; andsending the downlink frame to the mobile device, such that the mobiledevice, based upon the interference indication information, avoids thefrequency range where the interference signal is located.
 2. The methodaccording to claim 1, further comprising: dividing the radio frequencyband into a plurality of subbands, and identifying, among the pluralityof subbands, one or more subbands at which the interference signal isdetected, thereby generating the interference indication information. 3.The method according to claim 2, wherein a number of the subbands isdetermined based upon a number of available bits in the control header.4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method furthercomprises: based upon the interference signal, avoiding the frequencyrange where the interference signal is located.
 5. The method accordingto claim 1, further comprising: reporting, by the base station, theinterference signal to a management server, the interference signalbeing used by the management server for identifying a spectrumutilization pattern and an interference pattern of the radio frequencyband.
 6. The method according to claim 5 further comprising: receiving,by the base station, a frequency parameter from the management serverand switching, based upon a frequency parameter, a working frequencyzone from the radio frequency band to another radio frequency band,wherein the frequency parameter is determined by the management serverbased upon the identified spectrum utilization pattern and theinterference pattern server.
 7. The method according to claim 6, whereinthe base station periodically detects the interference signal in theradio frequency band, the method further comprising: receiving aperiodic parameter from the management server, and detecting, based upona time interval indicated by the periodic parameter, a channel that iscurrently occupied by other systems in the radio frequency band, whereinthe periodic parameter is determined by the management server based uponthe identified spectrum utilization pattern and the interferencepattern.
 8. A computer program product for sharing frequencies in a longterm evolution (LTE) wireless communication system, the computer programproduct comprising: a non-transitory storage medium readable by aprocessing circuit and storing instructions for execution by theprocessing circuit for performing a method comprising: detecting aninterference signal in a radio frequency band; generating a bitmapcomprising a set of interference indication information, the set ofinterference indication information indicating a frequency range that isoccupied by the interference signal in the radio frequency band, and thebitmap being generated separate from downlink frames sent to a mobiledevice, wherein the bitmap comprises a mapping between a plurality ofsub-bands in the radio frequency band and a plurality of bits, whereineach bit in the plurality of bits represents a sub-band in the pluralityof sub-bands, and wherein each bit is associated with a value indicatingone of a presence of an interference on the sub-band and an absence ofan interference signal on the sub-band; identifying a corresponding bitin a physical broadcast channel header (PBCH) header of a downlink frameto be sent to the mobile device for each of the plurality of bits in thebitmap, where each of the corresponding bits in the PBCH header is anunassigned reserved bit; adding the value associated with each of theplurality of bits to the corresponding bit in the PBCH that has beenidentified; and sending the downlink frame to the mobile device, suchthat the mobile device, based upon the interference indicationinformation, avoids the frequency range where the interference signal islocated.
 9. The computer program product according to claim 8, whereinthe method further comprises: dividing the radio frequency band into aplurality of subbands, and identifying, among the plurality of subbands,one or more subbands at which the interference signal is detected,thereby generating the interference indication information.
 10. Thecomputer program product according to claim 9, wherein a number of thesubbands is determined based upon a number of available bits in thecontrol header.
 11. The computer program product according to claim 8,wherein the method further comprises: based upon the interferencesignal, avoiding the frequency range where the interference signal islocated.
 12. The computer program product according to claim 8, whereinthe method further comprises: reporting, by the base station, theinterference signal to a management server, the interference signalbeing used by the management server for identifying a spectrumutilization pattern and an interference pattern of the radio frequencyband.
 13. The computer program product according to claim 12, whereinthe method further comprises: receiving, by the base station, afrequency parameter from the management server and switching, based upona frequency parameter, a working frequency zone from the radio frequencyband to another radio frequency band, wherein the frequency parameter isdetermined by the management server based upon the identified spectrumutilization pattern and the interference pattern server based upon theidentified spectrum utilization pattern and the interference pattern.14. The computer program product according to claim 13, wherein the basestation periodically detects the interference signal in the radiofrequency band, the method further comprising: receiving a periodicparameter from the management server, and detecting, based upon a timeinterval indicated by the periodic parameter, a channel that iscurrently occupied by other systems in the radio frequency band, whereinthe periodic parameter is determined by the management server based uponthe identified spectrum utilization pattern and the interferencepattern.
 15. A computer program product sharing frequencies in a longterm evolution (LTE) wireless communication system, wherein the LTEwireless communication system comprises a base station and a mobiledevice that work in a radio frequency band, the computer program productcomprising: a non-transitory storage medium readable by a processingcircuit and storing instructions for execution by the processing circuitfor performing a method comprising: detecting, by the base station, aninterference signal in the radio frequency band; generating, by the basestation and based on the detecting, a bitmap comprising a set ofinterference indication information, the set of interference indicationinformation indicating a frequency range that is occupied by theinterference signal in the radio frequency band, and the bitmap beinggenerated separate from downlink frames sent to a mobile device, whereinthe bitmap comprises a mapping between a plurality of sub-bands in theradio frequency band and a plurality of bits, wherein each bit in theplurality of bits represents a sub-band in the plurality of sub-bands,and wherein each bit is associated with a value indicating one of apresence of an interference on the sub-band and an absence of aninterference signal on the sub-band; identifying, by the base station, acorresponding bit in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) headerof a downlink frame to be sent to the mobile device for each of theplurality of bits in the bitmap, where each of the corresponding bits inthe PDCCH header is an unassigned reserved bit; and adding, by the basestation based on the identifying, the value associated with each of theplurality of bits to the corresponding bit identified in the PDCCHheader; and sending, by the base station, the downlink frame to themobile device, such that the mobile device, based upon the interferenceindication information, avoids the frequency range where theinterference signal is located.